waste recycling project
That is why the Gianyar Waste Recovery Project
addresses waste treatment first. The objective of this project is to
research and develop an environmentally friendly, safe and economically
viable solution to waste treatment for the entire Regency of Gianyar
with its 500,000 inhabitants, which can be easily replicated in the
region.
The expected compensations for the reduction of
greenhouse gasses under the Kyoto protocol will be sufficient to
finance and operate such replicates. A processing capacity of 17.500
tons of waste per year is required for an industrial scale operation.
This volume results from garbage trucks that deliver currently daily
about 50 tons or 180 m3 of waste seven days a week to an existing
landfill in the village of Temesi, plus a capacity reserve. The
landfill of Temesi has also been chosen as project location.
In
a community-based program style, this village in the poorer eastern part
of Bali will also take sole ownership of the project, once it is fully
implemented, which will help to alleviate poverty and transfer new
knowledge.
Completed Pilot Facility
on the Existing Landfill in Temesi, Gianyar (February 2004 to
December 2006)
In a concluded first phase, a US$ 140,000 pilot facility for waste
recovery with a capacity of 4 tons per day was built. This pilot
facility operates since June 2004 and has gained wide local and
international attention and thus raised high expectations. In the pilot
facility, the waste treatment procedures are optimized. In the
facility's state-of-the-art research station and laboratory, large scale
forced aeration composting is studied and continuously improved with the
goal to produce a high quality product without the need of turning
compost piles. The pilot operation receives international academic
support as this process is still shrouded in myths.
Capacity Expansion to a Replicable Full Size Model Facility
(January 2007 to June 2008)
 By now, all required input has been established to expand the
facility's capacity in a second phase from 4 tons to 50 tons per day or
17,500 tons per year. The added capacity will allow processing all waste
collected from the 500,000 inhabitants and tourists of the Regency of
Gianyar, to which Ubud belongs. Only this capacity expansion will make
the project a viable full size model for replications.
The capacity expansion requires investment into additional space and
equipment as well as funding for the executing NGO and the preparation
of all tools required for replications. The total budget required is US$
592,000, of which nearly US$ 340,000 is already in hand and US$75,000
are pending.
US$ 175,000 still needs to be raised. The land and other services are given free of charge by
the local government.
About 85 % of the waste consists of organics that can be composted.
Further 5 % is non-organic waste that can be recovered and sold to
recyclers. Only about 10 % of the collected waste is residue that is
dumped safely in the neighboring landfill after hazardous material has
been removed for later save disposal. This volume reduction to 10 %
extends the useful life of the landfill by a factor of 10.
A new
covered 2,400 m2 area under a light steel construction will house waste
sorting, compost production, curing and storage as well as blowers to
aerate the trapezoid composting piles. Also an additional compost sieve,
a small front loader (bucket loader) and two trucks are needed to cope
with the daily waste load.
Read the full summary below:
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Directions to Temesi |
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Waste Project Description as at 8 March, 2008. |
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Waste Project Terms of Reference as at 29 February, 2008. |
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Before and After Photographs |
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Climate Change: Carbon Credits from Composting |
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Climate Change and Waste Theme Park |
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Gianyar Composting Technology |
by Ibu Kat
Published in the Bali Advertiser December 5 to 19, 2007
As Bali’s few controlled landfills overflow, the island continues to
seek solutions for its garbage crisis. The days when rubbish could be
officially buried or burned or are quickly coming to a close, as
increasing population density and dwindling land supplies make more
sustainable alternatives unavoidable.
Waste Types
The normal breakdown of collected waste in Bali is about 85% garden
clippings and offerings, 5% recyclable, with the balance being unusable.
Ordinarily all of this would end up in the landfill, with the organics
taking up most of the space and generating methane gas.
Such was the case at the Temesi Landfill in Gianyar Regency until
2004, when Rotary Club of Bali Ubud launched a waste recovery project
there, with the full support of the local government.
Pilot Plant 2004 - 4 tons capacity
Opened in mid-2004 as a pilot/pioneer project, the waste recovery
facility used a conveyer belt to sort three tons of waste a day, and a
shredder and blower to process the organic component into compost. Waste
separation and treatment procedures were optimized and large-scale,
forced aeration composting has been continually improved in the modern
research station and laboratory. The project composts 85% of collected
waste, recycles 5% and only 10% goes to the landfill. The second phase
will expand capacity to 50 tons a day -- all the collected solid waste
of half a million residents and tourists in the Gianyar Regency. After
organic and recyclable waste is removed the volume will be reduced to
10%, extending the useful life of the landfill by a factor of ten. The
pilot/pioneer operation has received the enthusiastic support of
international researchers and is often visited by schools, government
officials, NGOs and other interest groups.
Expansion to 50 tons capacity
The 42 tons of organic waste collected daily that would otherwise
decompose in the landfill and generate methane gas becomes about 15 tons
of pathogen-free compost. This represents the equivalent of 77,000 tons
of C02 emissions that will be avoided over the next ten years under the
Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol.
Carbon Credits
Sales of carbon credits at the Temesi Waste Recovery Project will
generate income of $1.4 million over the next decade. Who buys carbon
credits? In this case, a Swiss tour operator called Kuoni, which offers
them to travelers when they buy air tickets to help neutralize their
carbon footprint. And the money will be spent replicating the Temesi
Waste recovery facility in other parts of Bali.
Center of Excellence
The project has developed under the leadership of Rotarian David
Küper, a retired Swiss chemical engineer with wide experience of
environmental projects. Without his expertise and dedication, the
project would not be at its current technical or funding level.
“Our goal is to create an international centre of excellence for
solid waste management in Southeast Asia,” he explains. “There are three
critical steps to waste management, and unfortunately they are usually
followed in reverse of the logical order. First, you need to build a
waste processing facility and when you have that, improve the waste
collection system. Only then can you start educating the public about
waste separation and awareness. They all need to be in place to be
successful.”
With the new 2,400 square meter waste separation and compost area now
near completion, the full-capacity waste facility will be operational by
January 2008. Major funding for the original project and for Phase II
was provided by Rotary Clubs in Ubud, Switzerland and Germany, Canada’s
International Development Research Centre and the Government of
Switzerland with additional support from USAID and a fundraiser by the
Bali Hotels Association.
Climate Change and Waste Theme Park
Beside the new waste facility, the original project building and some
new structures will become a Climate Change Theme Park, probably the
only one in the country. Most of the landfill site, six metres deep in
waste, has now been earthed over and landscaped. The hands-on Theme Park
should open to the public in April 2008 and will focus on waste and
climate change issues presented though interactive displays, hands-on
experiences and demonstrations of practical solutions for solid and
liquid waste. Topics such as ways to reduce greenhouse gasses at home,
on the road and in agriculture will also be addressed, all with a focus
on the Balinese reality.
The Theme Park project is led by another very competent Swiss
national, Rotarian Charlotte Wörner. “We want to bring people to come
and see where their garbage goes,” she says. “Few people even think
about it, but it’s now a huge problem. Here, we can show them that
garbage is not dirty; it’s just things we don’t need or use any more
that can be used in other ways.” A windmill will be the main feature of
the alternative energy section and provide part of the electricity
needed to produce the compost. Visitors will also learn about energy
from biogas, micro-hydro, solar and biodiesel (from jatropha grown on
the site).
Bio-Reactor
A bio-reactor will generate biogas from one of the toilet blocks, and
the other will feed a waste-water garden, with a guitar-shaped overflow
fish pond. Microscopes will reveal composting microbes and allow
visitors to analyze water quality. One display will exhibit the SODIS
system for the easy, carbon-neutral production of potable water. Another
will feature samples of products made from waste, with visitors invited
to create new ones. A worm farm demonstrates an easy solution to kitchen
waste. And one section will show the impact of growing rice
conventionally in water as opposed to the System of Rice
Intensification, which saves 80% of the water and minimizes the
production of greenhouse gasses.
Beside this is a stage where music performances will be powered by
hybrid power generated on-site. Nearby, a free-standing treated bamboo
structure provides an outdoor meeting space. Altogether, the Climate
Change and Waste Theme Park will be an attractive and engaging
destination for schools and other groups. Important to the success of
both the composting facility and the Theme Park are manager Pak I Wayan
Cakra, who has managed the facility since its opening and Ni Nyoman Ari
Astiti, a young Balinese woman with a degree in Environmental Health.
She has been running the composting research laboratory since January
2007, and will be trained as the Theme Park guide.
Local Sustainable Support
The projects are executed on behalf of the Rotary Club of Bali Ubud
by the local GUS Foundation with Ni Made Kushandari at the helm. This
all-Balinese Yayasan was established in 2001 by the surf industry to
help preserve Bali’s environment and promote community awareness.
Project Leader
I Nyoman Budhi Wirayadnya and Program Officer Ni Wayan Ani Yulinda
run the project with dedication, mastering the technical and
administrative details as they arise while keeping the project on
schedule.
Recognition
In June 2006, The Regent of Gianyar received one of three Adipura
Trophies for Environmental Management for this project from the
President of Indonesia. Altogether, it’s a pretty inspiring story. The
Temesi facility has the potential to be a tipping point for
environmental awareness in Bali, and a model for waste management that
can be replicated elsewhere on the island and beyond.
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